Bible

The Bible is the inspired Word of God given to the world to as an account of God's hand throughout history and his ultimate purpose for His creation. Consisting of two Testaments (or covenants) called the Old Testament and the New Testament, the Bible is a collection of 66 books written by various authors  over many centuries.

Etymology
The word bible comes from the Koine Greek word τὰ βιβλία  which means "the books" and the Christian Scripture was referred to as  τὰ βιβλία as early as A.D. 223. The term refered to the ancient Phoenician city of Byblos which exported writing materials.

Versions and Translations
Hebrew Bible

The Hebrew Bible, or the Tanakh, was written mainly in Hebrew with portions in Aramaic and consists of, basically, the Old Testament. The only noticable differences between the two are the book order and the fact that the Hebrew Bible combines book such as Samuel, Kings, Chronicles, and Ezra-Nehemiah.

Septuagint

The late 2nd century BC translation of the Hebrew Bible. It word Septuagint is from the Latin word septuaginta which means seventy. This refers to the legendary seventy Jewish scholars who completed the translation. Because of this the Septuagint is often abbreviated to LXX.

Vulgate

Translated by Jerome in 382 and commissioned by Pope Damasus I, the Vulgate is a full Bible translation into Latin. The version was also known as the versio vulgata in Latin meaning the "version commonly used."

King James Version

Althought not the first English translation the King James Version is arguably the most imporatant English translation in history. King James VI and I commissioned the Bible in January of 1604 and it was completed in 1611. To this day this version of the Bible is admired for its beautiful language.